فواقد مواد البناء اثناء مرحلة التنفيذ اسبابها و حجمها ) دراسة تطبيقية على بعض المشاريع في مدينة السليمانية

Waste of Building Materials During The Implementation Phase, Causes and Magnitude, An Empirical Study on Some Projects in Sulaymaniya Governorate

Abstract

ان ﻫذا اﻟﺒﺤث ﯿﺘرﻛز ﺤول أﻫﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓظﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤواد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء، وﺘﺤدﯿد أﺴﺒﺎب اﻟﻔواﻗد، واﻟﺤد ﻤن اﻟﻔواﻗد و اﻟﺨﺴﺎﺌر، ﺒﺎﻻﻀﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ ذﻟك ﺘﺤﻘﯿق اﻻﺴﺘﺨدام اﻷﻤﺜل ﻟﻠﻤواد اﻻﺴﺎﺴﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺸﺎرﯿﻊ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء)١(، ﻤن ﺨﻼل ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ اﻟدراﺴﺔ اﻻﺤﺼﺎﺌﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺸﻤﻠت )١٠( ﺸرﻛﺎت اﻨﺸﺎﺌﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓظﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﯿﻤﺎﻨﯿﺔ، وﺒﻌد ﺘﺤﻠﯿل اﻟدراﺴﺔ اﻻﺴﺘﺒﯿﺎﻨﯿﺔ ﺘم اﻟﺘوﺼل اﻟﻰ ﺒﻌض اﻻﺴﺒﺎب اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘؤدي اﻟﻰ ظﺎﻫ رة اﻟﻔواﻗد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤواد اﻻﻨﺸﺎﺌﯿﺔ. و ﻫﻲ اﺴﺒﺎب اﻛﺜرﻫﺎ ادارﯿﺔ و ﺘﻨظﯿﻤﯿﺔ و ﺘﺨطﯿطﯿﺔ ﺒﺎﻻﻀﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻻﺴﺒﺎب اﻟﻔﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠداول اﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺠزء اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ. و ﻤن ﻫذﻩ اﻻﺴﺒﺎب ﻋدم اﻟﺘﺨطﯿط اﻟﺠﯿد و طﺒﯿﻌﺔ اﻟﻌﻘد و ﻋدم ﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻤوﻗﻊ اﻟﻌﻤل وﻋدم ﺘطﺒﯿق اﻟﻤواﺼﻔﺎت. وأﺨﯿرا، ﻓﺈن اﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﯿن اﺴﺘﻨﺎدا إﻟﻰ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﻠوﻤﺎت، ﺘوﺼﻠوا إﻟﻰ اﻫم اﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎت ﺤول ﻤﺸﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﻔواﻗد، وطرح ﺘوﺼﯿﺎﺘﻬم ﻤن أﺠل ﺘﻘﻠﯿل وٕازاﻟﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺎت ﻗدر اﻹﻤﻛﺎن. واوﺼﻰ اﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜون ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻌض اﻟﺨطوات و اﻻﺠراءات ﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿل اﻟﻬدر.

This research will handle the importance of conserving construction materials, identifying the causes of waste, and limiting the waste, moreover recommending the optimal use of these materials, ⁽¹⁾ With the aid of a survey that was carried out in Sulaymaniya governorate which included 10 construction companies, the statistics were prepared through which the causes of waste in construction in these companies were studied, finally, the researchers based on the these information, arrived to their conclusions about the issue of waste, concluding that the main causes of this issue is due to managerial and organizational misconceptions, such as that of unsuitability of the construction site as well as contract based errors and made their recommendations in order to minimize and eliminate these causes as much as possible.

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