تصميم وتصنيع سايكلون لفصل الحليب المجفف ودراسة تأثير درجة الحرارة وكمية الحليب المحملة على كفاءة الفصل
Design and Manufacture of Cyclone to Separate the Dried Milk and Study the Effect of Temperature and Particles Loading on Separated Efficiency
Keywords:
السايكلون, كفاءة فصل الحليب المجفف, كمية الحليب المحملة, درجة الحرارةAbstract
السايكلون جهاز لفصل الجزيئات العالقة بالهواء او اي غاز اخر بدون استخدام الفلاتر بالاعتماد على عملية الطرد المركزي والدوامات. في هذا البحث تم تصميم سايكلون لفصل الحليب المجفف الخارج من مجفف الرذاذ (الموجود في مختبرات كلية الهندسة جامعة تكريت) حيث تم تصنيع السايكلون بالاعتماد على حسابات التصميم وكان هناك نسبة تطابق عالية جدا بين نتائج التصميم ونتائج السايكلون المصنع. تم الاعتماد في حسابات التصميم على طريقة Lapple حيث تم حساب الابعاد والكفاءة لمختلف اقطار جزيئات الحليب وكذلك حساب فرق الضغط . وكذلك تم اجراء تحليل احصائي للنتائج حيث بينت وجود ترابط قوي =97.8% R2 بين المتغير المعتمد (كفاءة الفصل) عند j من مدى اقطار الجزيئات (ηj) والمتغيرات المستقلة: قطر الجزيئات عند j من مدى الاقطار (dj) بوحدة (المايكرومتر) ودرجة الحرارة (T) بوحدة (مᵒ) وكمية الحليب المحملة (Lp) بوحدة (كغم/ثا). معدل التدفق الحجمي 0.14 م3/ثا والسرعة 12.5 م/ثا ودرجة حرارة الهواء وكمية الحليب المحملة المعتمدة في تصنيع الجهاز هي 200مᵒ و 0.45 كغم/ثا على التوالي. اظهرت النتائج ان هناك تناسب طردي بين كفاءة الفصل مع كمية الحليب المحمل وعكسيا مع درجة الحرارة. نسبة كفاءة الفصل التصميمية الكلية هي 99.58%, وكفاءة الفصل للجهاز المصنع هي 98.24%.
Cyclone is a device used to separate the suspended particles in the air or any other gases depending on centrifuge process and swirls without using filters. In this research, a cyclone was designed to separate the dried milk that exit from spray dryer (exist in the Labs of engineering college/University of Tikrit) and then manufacturing the cyclone by depending on the design calculations. The results showed a very high agreement between the design results and the manufactured cyclone results. Design calculations were carried through based on Lapple’s method where the cyclone dimensions, efficiency, and pressure drop for various diameters of milk particles were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed and the results showed that correlation of (R2=97.8%) between the dependent variable (the separated efficiency) at (j) range of particles diameters (ηj) and Independent variables including: (the particles diameter) at (j) range of particles diameters (dj) at (µm), the temperature (T) at (cᵒ) and particles loading (Lp) at (kg/s). The separated efficiency effect proportional with particles loading and inversely proportional with temperature. Volumetric flow rate was 0.14m3/s, velocity was 12.5m/s, the temperature of air and particles loading that depended in manufactured cyclone was 200cᵒ and 0.45kg/s respectively. The collection efficiency for the design calculations was 99.58% and efficiency for the manufactured cyclone was 98.24%.
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